Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the prostate gland. One of the most common types of cancer is Prostate cancer.
 Males have a prostate gland that produces some of the fluid seen in the sperm. Prostate cancer begins when the cells start to develop out of control. Cancerous cells can form in practically any part of the body and spread to other sections of the body as well. 
One of the most common types of cancer is Prostate Cancer. Prostate cancer that is identified early and is confined to the prostate gland has the best chance of being treated successfully. 

TYPES OF PROSTATE CANCER 

Adenocarcinomas are the most common type of prostate cancer. This type of cancer develops in the gland cells that produce the prostate fluid that is mixed with the sperm. 
Following cancer types can start in the prostate :

• Small cell carcinoma
• Neuroendocrine tumors
• Transitional cell carcinomas 
• Sarcomas

Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN)

1.    Low-grade PIN: Normal patterns observed throughout
2.    High-grade PIN: Abnormal patterns are observed
Depending upon the patterns, it can be stated whether it’ll spread or not.
 Low-grade PIN isn't known to be linked to a man’s Prostate cancer risk. High-grade PIN on the other hand might be a sign of Prostate cancer.

PIA (Proliferative Inflammatory Atrophy)

The prostate cells in PIA are smaller than usual and the region is inflamed.  Researchers strongly believe that in some cases, PIA can lead to high-grade PIN or directly to Prostate cancer.  

SYMPTOMS OF PROSTATE CANCER

Mild Prostate Cancer may not show symptoms in the very early stage but advanced Prostate Cancer shows signs & symptoms such as:

• Trouble urinating
• Decreased force in the urine stream
• Blood while urinating
• Automatic weight loss
• Blood in the semen
• Erectile dysfunction
• Bone pain

TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER

Depending upon the intensity of each case, treatment options may vary:
1.    Observation on active surveillance for Prostate Cancer
2.    Radiation therapy
3.    Cryotherapy 
4.    Hormone therapy
5.    Chemotherapy
6.    Surgery for Prostate Cancer
7.    Immunotherapy
8.    Targeted therapy

Prostate Cancers are treated by a Urologist, Radiation Oncologist, and Medical Oncologist supported by a team of nurse practitioners, social workers, nurses, health professionals, and rehabilitation specialists.
Treatment decisions should be made only after discussing all the applicable options with your doctor that is best in the situation.
 Treatment decision is made based on:

• The stage and grade of your cancer
• Any other serious health conditions
• The chances of your cancer being cured after treatment
• Any other serious health conditions
• Age and expected life span
• Patient’s feelings about possible side effects from each treatment
• Doctors opinion and your feelings about the cancer treatment

PROSTATE SCREENING TESTS MIGHT INCLUDE:

1.    Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) : 
It is a test that looks at the lower rectum, pelvis, and lower belly of a person. During DRE, your doctor examines your prostate with a gloved lubricated finger inserted into your rectum.

2.    Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test :

The PSA level in the blood is measured with this test. PSA levels in the blood can be elevated in men with Prostate Cancer.
PSA is a protein generated by both malignant and non-cancerous tissue in the prostate, a tiny gland in the males that rest behind the bladder.

The factors that raise PSA level include:
1.    Enlarged prostate: BPH (Benign prostatic hyperplasia) is basically a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate that affects a lot of men as they become older- It can cause PSA levels to rise
2.    Older Age: Even if you don't have a prostate problem, the PSA levels will rise gradually as you get older.
3.    Ejaculation: It causes a temporary increase in PSA. This is why doctors advise men to refrain from ejaculating before undergoing tests.
4.    Riding a bicycle: There are chances that cycling may temporarily boost PSA levels due to the seat which may exert pressure on the prostate.
5.    Prostatitis: It is mainly the inflammation or infection of the prostate gland, which raises PSA levels. 

At RG Stone Hospitals, We are dedicated to serve best treatment and experience to the patients and follow-up medication with excellent care.